Fasting Debt of Ramadan? Here is the Correct Intention and Procedure for Repayment

Kapanlagi.com - Ramadan has passed, but for some Muslims, there is an important task still waiting to be completed, which is settling the fasting debt. This fasting debt can occur for various reasons, such as illness, long travel, or menstruation. So, what is the correct way to settle it?

There are two main ways to fulfill the fasting debt of Ramadan: qadha and fidyah. Qadha means replacing the missed fast by fasting on another day, while fidyah is the giving of food to the poor as a form of penalty.

The choice between these two methods depends on the reason someone missed the fast and their physical condition. Additionally, it is also important to pay attention to the timing of the implementation, so that our worship is accepted by Allah SWT. Both qadha and fidyah have different rules and procedures.

Understanding both methods well will help us fulfill our religious obligations correctly. Do not hesitate to consult with scholars or religious experts if there are doubts regarding certain conditions. This article will further explain the procedures for settling the fasting debt of Ramadan through qadha and fidyah, as well as the differences between the two.

1. Qadha: Replacing Ramadan Fasting

Qadha is the primary way to repay the debt of Ramadan fasting. The method is quite simple: You must fast on another day with the intention of replacing the fast that has been missed. This intention is sufficient to be made in the heart. The number of fasting days you replace must correspond to the number of days missed. For example, if you missed 5 days of fasting, then you are obligated to replace those 5 days of fasting.

Although it is recommended to perform qadha fasting consecutively, this is not obligatory. You can perform qadha fasting at any time, as long as it is before the next Ramadan arrives. If, due to legitimate reasons (such as illness, long travel, or menstruation), you cannot perform qadha before the next Ramadan, you are allowed to do so after the next Ramadan.

However, if you are able to fast but postpone without a valid reason until the next Ramadan, you are still obligated to perform qadha and may also be required to pay fidyah. Therefore, it is highly recommended to plan and fulfill your qadha fasting as soon as possible so that this obligation can be completed perfectly.

2. Fidyah: Penalty for Those Unable to Fast

Fidyah is a concession granted by Allah SWT for those who are unable to fast due to prolonged valid excuses, such as chronic illness, old age, or health conditions that continuously prevent them from fasting. Fidyah consists of providing staple food to the poor, which is usually equivalent to one mud (approximately 7 ounces) of staple food for each day of fasting that is missed.

The giving of fidyah can be done all at once or distributed daily during the month of Ramadan. The intention to pay fidyah should also be recited. Fidyah can be paid at any time before the next Ramadan arrives. However, it is important to remember that giving fidyah does not eliminate the obligation of qadha if in the future someone is able to fast.

It should be emphasized that fidyah is not a substitute for qadha. If someone is able to make up the fast, they are still obligated to do so, even if they have paid fidyah. Fidyah is only given as a concession for those who truly cannot fast due to prolonged valid excuses.

3. Difference Between Qadha and Fidyah

The main difference between qadha and fidyah lies in physical ability and the reasons for leaving the fast. Qadha is obligatory for anyone who misses fasting during Ramadan without a prolonged valid excuse. Meanwhile, fidyah is a concession for those who are unable to fast due to a prolonged valid excuse.

If you are able to perform qadha, then you are obliged to do so. Fidyah is only a complement if your health condition does not allow you to fast. Consult with a scholar or religious expert to ensure the best way to fulfill your fasting obligations.

Do not delay this obligation. Allah SWT is Most Forgiving and always opens the door of repentance, but strive to fulfill your religious duties as best as you can. Plan and carry out qadha or fidyah according to your condition as soon as possible.

4. People Also Ask

1. How is the intention to replace the missed Ramadan fast formulated?

The intention for qadha of the Ramadan fast is:

"Nawaitu shauma ghadin 'an qadha'i fardhi syahri Ramadh�na lillâhi ta'âlâ."

It means: "I intend to fast tomorrow as a replacement for the obligatory Ramadan fast for the sake of Allah Ta'ala."

2. When is the right time to articulate the intention for qadha fasting?

The intention for qadha fasting must be articulated at night before dawn, just like the intention for Ramadan fasting.

3. Does qadha fasting have to be done consecutively?

No, qadha fasting is not required to be done consecutively. However, it is recommended to complete it before the next Ramadan arrives.

4. Who is permitted to pay fidyah as a substitute for fasting?

Those who are unable to fast due to reasons such as old age or chronic illness that prevents them from fasting are allowed to pay fidyah as a substitute.

5. How to pay fidyah for those who cannot fast?

Fidyah is given in the form of staple food, such as rice amounting to 1.5 kg per day of missed fasting, or according to local customs.

(kpl/mni)