Mount Iya Ende: History of Eruptions, Hidden Dangers, and Interesting Facts

Kapanlagi.com - Majestically located in Ende Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Mount Iya is one of the active volcanoes that always captivates the attention of volcanology experts. With a distance of only 1 km from the southern edge of Ende City, this mountain poses a potential threat to local residents, especially when its volcanic activity increases.

Since it was first recorded in the 17th century, Mount Iya has experienced several eruptions that have changed the landscape and hold many stories about the devastating eruptions that have occurred. Although it appears calm now, its tumultuous history harbors serious threats, ranging from lava flows, volcanic ash, to large landslides that could result in tsunamis.

In recent months, magmatic activity at Mount Iya has shown significant signs of increase. This has led authorities to raise its status to Alert. The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (PVMBG) has recorded various seismic events indicating magma movement within this mountain.

With an uncertain eruption history, Mount Iya is back in the public spotlight, especially with the risk of an eruption that could have widespread impacts up to the Sawu Sea. Let's take a look at some interesting facts about Mount Iya summarized by Kapanlagi.com, Friday (8/11).

1. The History of Mount Iya's Eruptions Recorded Since the 17th Century

Since 1671, Mount Iya has etched its history as one of the most active volcanoes in Indonesia, with eruptions reaching a Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) level 3, spreading pyroclastic flows and volcanic ash all the way to the Sawu Sea.

The 19th century witnessed a resurgence of its activity, with dramatic eruptions in 1844 and 1867, where the May 1844 eruption shook the surroundings with a booming sound heard for several kilometers. The peak of its fury occurred in 1867 and 1868, when lava flows and incandescent rock fragments adorned the sky.

The last recorded activity in January 1969 showcased a spectacular display over three days, with rumbling sounds echoing, bright-colored fire bursts, and volcanic material soaring up to 400 meters from its summit, making Mount Iya an unforgettable icon of nature's power.

2. Potential Hazards from Landslides and Tsunamis Due to Mount Iya Activity

Mount Iya, towering majestically facing the Sawu Sea, harbors the potential for disasters that threaten the surrounding coastal areas. Experts warn of the threat of large landslides that could trigger tsunamis, especially after analyses from PVMBG indicated significant cracks in the weak zone around the active crater (K2).

The danger does not only come from landslides; eruptions that spew out pyroclastic materials such as volcanic ash and lava flows can also reach the coast, increasing the risk for the southern area of Ende City.

Although eruptions typically direct towards the sea, high ejecta remains a real threat, making it essential for the community and authorities to stay alert, especially during periods of increased seismic activity.

3. Seismic Activity of Mount Iya Increases, Alert Status Implemented

In October 2024, Mount Iya officially changed its status from Level I (Normal) to Level II (Alert) by PVMBG, following increased volcanic activity detected since early July. White smoke billowing from the main crater now rises up to 300 meters, indicating significant magmatic activity.

Moreover, a surge in recorded volcanic and tectonic earthquakes, particularly between August and October, has heightened concerns. The head of PVMBG, Hendra Gunawan, reminded that this surge in earthquakes indicates increasing magmatic pressure within the volcano.

"The visible movement of magma needs to be monitored, especially with the presence of cracks around the active crater," emphasized Hendra in his statement that drew attention in Jakarta.

4. Characteristics of Mount Iya Eruptions and Their Impact on the Ende Community

Mount Iya, with its majestic stratovolcanic shape, harbors a potential for eruptions that can be unsettling. Its explosive eruptions eject ash and silica-rich lava, creating dramatic landscapes often accompanied by incandescent rocks and debris from its summit.

The surrounding community, especially in the south of Ende City, needs to remain vigilant, even though volcanic activity generally trends towards the Sawu Sea. The threat persists, particularly from pyroclastic flows that could reach residential areas.

Therefore, authorities remind residents to always be on alert and to follow evacuation instructions for the sake of collective safety.

5. Increased Alert Status: Mitigation Steps and Appeals to Residents

With the alert status of Mount Iya raised to Alert on November 5, 2024, PVMBG has issued an important call to the surrounding community. Residents are urged to avoid activities around the active crater and to steer clear of areas at risk of lava flows.

As a precautionary measure, authorities have prepared an evacuation plan for residents living in hazardous zones. The local government, along with BPBD, is working to ensure logistical readiness and evacuation routes to protect the safety of potentially affected communities.

6. Questions and Answers About the Eruption of Mount Iya: When Was the Last Time Mount Iya Erupted?

Mount Iya, a giant located amidst natural beauty, last displayed its power with a tremendous eruption in January 1969, which was recorded with a Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) of 3.

Since then, this mountain seems to have kept its secrets, waiting for the moment to shake us again and remind us of the unpredictable power of nature.

7. Can the Activity of Mount Iya Cause a Tsunami?

Of course, the threat of large landslides caused by fractures around the active crater can trigger a terrifying tsunami.

This natural phenomenon shows just how immense the power of nature can be, shaking the lives around it in an instant.

8. What Are the Characteristics of Mount Iya's Eruptions?

Mount Iya has just amazed the world with its spectacular eruption! With tremendous explosive power, this mountain spewed volcanic ash high into the sky, accompanied by stunningly soaring incandescent rocks.

Not only that, the torrential flow of lava adds to the terrifying charm of this natural phenomenon, making it a sight not to be missed!

(kpl/rmt)