The Difference Between HMPV Virus and COVID-19, Types and Levels of Transmission that Differ

Kapanlagi.com - The HMPV virus is currently a hot topic on the internet, raising concerns among the public following reports of its spread in China. Many associate the Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) with COVID-19, considering the similar symptoms and the surge in cases. However, experts state that there are important differences that need to be understood between these two viruses.

Prof. Tjandra Yoga Aditama, former Director of WHO's Communicable Diseases for Southeast Asia, emphasizes that HMPV is not a new variant like COVID-19. This virus has been around since 2001 and has spread globally. Although its symptoms are similar to those of the common flu, HMPV more frequently affects children and the elderly, unlike COVID-19 which can impact all ages.

The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia also confirms that HMPV has been detected in the country before, so it is not a new threat. Health Minister Budi Gunadi Sadikin urges the public not to panic, but to remain vigilant by implementing appropriate preventive measures.

So, what are the fundamental differences between HMPV and COVID-19? Let's take a closer look at the explanation!

1. HMPV Virus: What Is It and How Does It Spread?

Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) has once again come into the spotlight after reports of its spread in China, raising concerns around the world. Although its symptoms are similar to COVID-19, experts assert that the two viruses are quite different. Prof. Tjandra Yoga Aditama, former Director of Communicable Diseases at WHO Southeast Asia, revealed that HMPV is not a new virus; it has been around since 2001 and has infected many countries, including Indonesia.

This virus more commonly attacks the upper and lower respiratory tracts, especially in children and the elderly. However, Health Minister Budi Gunadi Sadikin emphasized, "HMPV has been detected in Indonesia, but it does not cause panic like COVID-19," providing a glimmer of reassurance amid these concerns.

2. Differences Between HMPV and COVID-19 Symptoms

Although HMPV and COVID-19 both disrupt the respiratory system, they have different symptom profiles. Both can indeed cause cough, fever, chest pain, and shortness of breath, but HMPV typically presents with milder symptoms.

While lung and respiratory tract infections may appear similar, HMPV rarely leads to the serious complications often experienced by COVID-19 patients. It is important to remember that COVID-19 can pose a high risk of causing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), whereas HMPV tends not to lead to fatal conditions.

3. Transmission Rates and Outbreak Risks

One of the striking differences between COVID-19 and HMPV lies in their modes of transmission. COVID-19 is known for its significantly higher transmission rate, spreading through droplets, air, and contaminated surfaces, while HMPV is more often transmitted through direct contact.

Health Minister Budi Gunadi revealed that HMPV is usually active during the winter season, especially in countries with four seasons like China, where cold temperatures accelerate its spread. However, it is important to remember that we cannot directly compare these two viruses.

4. Vaccine and Treatment Availability

Currently, the world has welcomed the presence of globally recognized COVID-19 vaccines, but unfortunately, a specific vaccine for HMPV remains an unsolved mystery.

Nevertheless, hope persists with ongoing research, including the development of an mRNA vaccine by Moderna that is expected to serve as a shield in the future.

Meanwhile, the management of HMPV still relies on supportive approaches, such as maintaining immune strength and providing symptomatic medications to alleviate the symptoms that arise.

5. HMPV Prevention: What Should Be Done?

Similar to COVID-19 prevention measures, maintaining strict hygiene is key in combating HMPV. Ensuring hands are always clean, wearing masks, and avoiding crowds are important steps to follow.

Budi Gunadi reminds the public not to panic, but to remain vigilant. Additionally, to strengthen the immune system, it is important to consume nutritious foods and get enough rest to prevent unwanted infections.

6. Is HMPV as Dangerous as COVID-19?

No need to worry! HMPV usually only causes mild symptoms similar to the common flu, and serious cases are very rare.

7. How to Differentiate Between HMPV and COVID-19 Symptoms?

The main symptoms of HMPV include cough, fever, and mild shortness of breath, while COVID-19 can trigger serious complications such as pneumonia and concerning ARDS.

8. Can HMPV Cause a Pandemic Like COVID-19?

No need to worry! HMPV, or Human Metapneumovirus, has a transmission rate that is much lower compared to COVID-19.

9. Is There a Vaccine for HMPV Yet?

Currently, although a specific vaccine for HMPV is not yet available, researchers are actively working to develop a vaccine that is hoped to be a solution in the future.

10. 5. How to Protect Yourself from the HMPV Virus?

To prevent the transmission of HMPV, it is important for us to maintain hand hygiene, wear masks, and practice social distancing.

(kpl/srr)