The Events of December 10, From the Establishment of Pertamina to the Celebration of World Human Rights Day

Kapanlagi.com - Every December 10, the world celebrates historical moments that have changed the face of human life. One noteworthy innovation is the installation of the first traffic light in London in 1868. This invention was not just a tool, but became an important milestone in the world of modern transportation, helping to regulate vehicle flow and enhance public safety.

In Indonesia, the same date also marks the birth of the energy giant, PT Pertamina, which now plays a role as the main fuel supplier throughout the archipelago. This company has become the heart of the nation's energy needs.

No less important, December 10 is also commemorated as World Human Rights Day. This moment honors the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) adopted by the United Nations in 1948. This commemoration reminds us of the importance of respecting the basic rights of every individual without discrimination.

Let us delve deeper into these historical events summarized by Liputan6 from various sources. Happy Human Rights Day!

1. The Installation of the First Traffic Light in London (1868)

On December 10, 1868, history recorded a historic moment when the first traffic light was installed in London, an innovation designed to regulate the flow of horse-drawn carriages that dominated the streets of the great city. With a simple design and using a gas system as a light source, this traffic light was placed near the British Parliament and was manually operated by a police officer. Although it only lasted a short time due to an explosion caused by a gas leak, this innovation successfully reduced accidents at busy intersections, paving the way for the evolution towards the electric traffic lights we know today. This history reflects how technology can change the face of safety and efficiency in the world of transportation.

2. The Establishment of Pertamina on December 10, 1957

On December 10, 1957, Indonesia entered a new chapter in the management of its natural resources with the establishment of Pertamina, originally known as the State Oil and Natural Gas Mining Company (Permina). This bold step was taken to free itself from the shackles of foreign companies that previously dominated the oil and gas sector, including Dutch giants like Shell, in the spirit of nationalism that was fervent at the time. With the noble aim of providing full control to the state over strategic resources, Pertamina was born as a symbol of independence and economic strength. Over time, in 1968, Permina united with the National Oil Company (Pertamin) and was renamed Pertamina, which has now become one of the major forces in the energy industry, making significant contributions to Indonesia's economic development. Every December 10, we celebrate Pertamina's anniversary as a reminder of the importance of energy independence in building the nation.

3. International Human Rights Day: History and Meaning

December 10 is not just a date on the calendar, but also a historic moment commemorated as International Human Rights Day. Since it was first celebrated in 1948, after the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), this day has become a symbol of the struggle to honor the basic rights of every individual around the world. This declaration, which is one of the most translated documents, affirms universal values that encompass freedom of expression to the right to education. Every year, this commemoration carries a theme relevant to global challenges, and in 2023, the theme "Freedom, Equality, and Justice for All" was raised to highlight the protection of the rights of vulnerable groups such as persons with disabilities, indigenous peoples, and migrants, reminding us of the importance of solidarity and justice for all.

4. Universal Declaration of Human Rights: A Foundation for a Just World

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is not just a document, but a roadmap that illustrates the noble aspirations of humanity to build a just, equal, and discrimination-free world. With 30 articles summarizing fundamental rights—from the right to life, freedom, to protection from torture—UDHR serves as a guideline for countries in formulating policies that respect the dignity of every individual. More than just a legal foundation, the UDHR also serves as a source of inspiration for social movements and policy changes worldwide, demonstrating the importance of the values contained within it in addressing global challenges such as climate change and economic inequality.

5. Human Rights Day Observances in Various Countries

Human Rights Day is celebrated with enthusiasm all around the world, filled with a variety of engaging activities such as seminars, discussions, and inspiring social actions. This observance is not just a remembrance of history, but also a reminder of the importance of the ongoing struggle for human rights. In various countries, this moment is used to reflect on the current state of human rights, as well as a platform for international organizations, governments, and civil society to launch new campaigns that raise awareness of fundamental rights. Additionally, today is also a fitting time to honor individuals and organizations that have fought hard to protect human rights, with international awards given to those who have shown extraordinary dedication in advocating for justice and equality.

6. Why is December 10 Important in History?

December 10 stands tall as a historic milestone that combines technological innovation with the struggle for human rights. From the first traffic lights illuminating the streets of London to the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, this day reflects progress in creating a safer and fairer world. Traffic lights, though simple, demonstrate how innovation can transform the face of daily life, while the commemoration of Human Rights Day reminds us of the importance of safeguarding the fundamental rights of every individual. Both signify humanity's determination to continuously improve the quality of life through technology and equitable policies. On this special day, we are invited to reflect on past achievements while committing ourselves to a brighter future, both in innovation and in upholding humanitarian values.

7. What is commemorated on December 10?

On December 10, the world celebrates two unforgettable historical moments: International Human Rights Day, which reminds us of the importance of respecting the dignity of every individual, and the anniversary of the installation of the first traffic light in London, an innovation that has changed the face of urban travel and improved safety on the roads.

8. What is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)?

The UDHR, or Universal Declaration of Human Rights, is a historic document that outlines the fundamental rights that should be respected by every individual around the world. With a spirit of humanity that resonates, the UDHR asserts that everyone, without exception, is entitled to freedom, justice, and dignity, making it an important foundation in the struggle to create a more just and civilized world.

9. Why is the first traffic light in London important?

The traffic light first appeared as a revolutionary breakthrough in regulating the flow of vehicles and pedestrians, while also serving as a safety protector on the roads. This innovation not only changed the face of traffic but also provided a sense of security for every road user, making it one of the most valuable inventions in the history of transportation.

10. How is Human Rights Day celebrated?

This day is filled with spirit and inspiration through in-depth seminars, thought-provoking social actions, and awards given to great figures who have tirelessly fought to protect human rights. This hopeful atmosphere reflects our shared commitment to advocating for justice and the dignity of every individual.

(kpl/ank)