Kapanlagi.com - Ramadan fasting is one of the most vital acts of worship for Muslims around the world. However, did you know that there are several things that can nullify your fast? In this article, we will thoroughly discuss various actions that can invalidate your fast, complete with explanations, so that we can all perform this worship better and correctly.
Fasting during the month of Ramadan is not just about refraining from hunger and thirst, but also involves various important aspects that need to be considered. Summarized by Kapanlagi.com from various sources on Saturday (1/3/2025), here are some actions that, if done deliberately, can nullify your fast.
1. Eating Until Vomiting Intentionally
1.Eating and Drinking Intentionally
One of the main reasons a fast is invalidated is eating and drinking consciously during the day. This is in accordance with Allah's words in Surah Al-Baqarah verse 187:
"Eat and drink until it becomes distinct to you (the difference) between the white thread and the black thread, that is, dawn. Then complete the fast until (the coming of) night..." (QS.Al-Baqarah: 187).
If someone eats or drinks unintentionally—such as forgetting that they are fasting—then their fast remains valid. However, if done intentionally, then their fast is invalidated and must be made up on another day after Ramadan (qadha).
2.Introducing Something into the Body Through Certain Cavities
According to Islamic law, introducing objects or liquids into the body through cavities that connect to internal organs can invalidate the fast. Some examples of actions that can invalidate fasting include:
- Use of medication via the rectum or vagina, such as suppositories.
- Insertion of a urinary catheter related to medical treatment.
- Nutritional injections, such as infusions that replace food and drink intake.
However, not all medical actions invalidate fasting. Non-nutritional injections, such as vaccines or certain medications that do not replace food and drink, are still permitted.
3. Intentional Vomiting
Vomiting that occurs unintentionally, such as due to illness or motion sickness, does not invalidate fasting. However, if someone intentionally induces vomiting—such as putting a finger in the mouth to induce vomiting—then their fast is invalid.
The hadith of the Prophet Muhammad SAW narrated by Abu Dawood emphasizes this:
"Whoever is forced to vomit is not required to make up for their fast. And whoever vomits intentionally is required to make up for their fast." (HR. Abu Dawood).
Therefore, it is important for Muslims to maintain their bodily condition to avoid actions that may intentionally trigger vomiting while fasting.
2. Menstruating Until Ejaculation Intentionally
4. Menstruation and Postpartum Bleeding for Women
For women, the onset of menstruation (period) or postpartum bleeding (blood after childbirth) automatically invalidates the fast. This applies even if the bleeding occurs just moments before the time for breaking the fast.
A woman who is menstruating or experiencing postpartum bleeding is not allowed to fast and is required to make up for it on another day after Ramadan. The Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said:
"Isn't it true that when a woman is menstruating, she does not pray and does not fast?" The women replied, "Yes, that's correct." Then he said, "That is the deficiency in a woman's religion." (HR. Bukhari).
Because this condition is natural and not an individual fault, Islam provides relief for women to make up their fasts at a later time.
5. Marital Relations During the Day
Engaging in sexual relations between husband and wife during the day in the month of Ramadan is a serious violation in Islamic law. In addition to invalidating the fast, the perpetrator is also required to perform a kafarat (penalty), as mentioned in the hadith:
"If a Muslim engages in sexual relations with his wife while fasting, he must compensate by freeing a believing slave. If not, he is obliged to make up for his fast for two consecutive months. If he cannot, he must feed 60 poor people." (HR. Muslim).
Therefore, it is important for married couples to maintain boundaries while fasting so that the worship does not become in vain.
6. Deliberate Ejaculation
If someone deliberately ejaculates, such as through masturbation or physical stimulation with the opposite sex, then his fast is invalid. However, if ejaculation occurs due to a wet dream (ihtilam), then his fast remains valid.
This is based on the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad SAW:
“(Allah Ta’ala said): when fasting, he leaves food, drink, and desires for My sake.” (HR. Bukhari)
Therefore, refraining from things that may trigger ejaculation is part of the perfection of fasting.
3. Crazy Until Apostasy
7. Loss of Sanity or Insanity
Fasting is mandatory for those who are of sound mind. If someone experiences mental disturbance or suddenly loses their sanity during the day while fasting, then their fast is invalid.
In Islam, a person who loses their sanity is not obligated to make up for their fast because they do not have legal responsibility (taklif). This is different from someone who faints or is in a coma for a short time, where their fast remains valid if they regain consciousness before sunset.
8. Fainting or Loss of Consciousness All Day
If someone faints or experiences a medical condition that renders them unconscious throughout the day, then their fast is invalid. However, if they are still able to regain consciousness for part of the fasting time—such as before Maghrib—then their fast remains valid.
Scholars argue that a person's fast remains valid if they have awareness for part of the day. However, if they are completely unconscious from dawn until Maghrib, then they must make up their fast on another day.
9. Apostasy or Leaving Islam
Fasting is an act of worship that is only obligatory for Muslims. If someone who is fasting declares their departure from Islam or performs an act that causes apostasy, then their fast is automatically invalid.
As explained in the books of fiqh, apostasy nullifies all acts of worship that have been performed, including fasting. If they return to Islam, they must make up their fast and repent to Allah.
It is important to note that some sources mention other things that may invalidate fasting, such as swallowing phlegm (if done intentionally), injections (depending on the type and purpose of the injection), and swimming (if water enters the body). However, opinions on these matters vary and need further examination. It is advisable to consult with scholars or religious experts for legal certainty.
The intention is very important. If an action is done unintentionally (forgotten), generally the fast is not invalidated. However, one should immediately stop the action once they become aware. This information is general and serves as a guide. For a deeper and more accurate understanding, consult a scholar or trusted religious reference.
4. FAQ
What should I do if I eat or drink because I forgot?
If you eat or drink because you forgot, your fast is not invalidated. Stop the action immediately once you remember.
Does unintentional vomiting invalidate the fast?
No, vomiting that occurs unintentionally does not invalidate your fast.
What if I have sexual relations during the day in Ramadan?
That would invalidate the fast, and you need to make it up with a fast on another day or pay fidyah.
Are women who are menstruating required to fast?
No, women who are menstruating or postpartum are not required to fast.
(kpl/rmt)
Disclaimer: This translation from Bahasa Indonesia to English has been generated by Artificial Intelligence.
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