7 Types of Corruption Frequently Committed in Indonesia, Recognize the Examples

Kapanlagi.com - Corruption is one of the abuses of official positions for personal gain. From a legal perspective, corruption is an illegal act, abusing authority, opportunities, and means. In addition, corruption can enrich oneself and harm the state finances. Besides harming the state, corruption can also be a disease that will destroy the country if not immediately addressed. The severity of corruption varies, from the lightest form of using influence and support to give and receive assistance, to severe and officially sanctioned corruption, and so on.

Therefore, corruption must be eradicated to stop such cunning acts. Even so, there are many who are unaware of what actions are considered as corruption. However, this needs to be known in order to avoid getting involved in corruption cases. Therefore, you should also know the types of corruption and report them to the authorities immediately when encountered. Summarizing from several sources, here are the types of corruption that are often committed. What are they?

1. Corruption Bribery

(credit: freepik)

The first type of corruption that you need to know is bribery corruption. Bribery itself is the act of giving money or receiving cash rewards by government officials to do or not do something that is contrary to their obligations as formal and material legal differences.

An example of bribery corruption is when a state official with a high position gives bribes to judges, lawyers, or advocates. This type of corruption is regulated in the PTPK Law.

2. Embezzlement Corruption

Next, the type of corruption that is often committed is embezzlement of position. Embezzlement itself means an illegal act as a form of abuse of power. For example, a civil servant misuses money or allows the misuse of money assigned to carry out a public position continuously or temporarily. Embezzlement of position aims to benefit oneself and harm the state.

3. Corruption Extortion Action

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Corruption extortion is corruption committed by civil servants with the aim of benefiting themselves or others by illegally abusing their power by forcing someone to give something, pay, or receive payment with a discount, or to do something for themselves.

4. Gratification Corruption

Gratification corruption is a type of gift given to civil servants or State Administrators and not reported to the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) within 30 days of receiving the gratification. Gratification can be in the form of money, goods, discounts, interest-free loans, plane tickets, vacations, medical expenses, and other facilities. This type of corruption is regulated in Article 12B of the PTPK Law and Article 12C of the PTPK Law.

5. Corruption of Conflict of Interest in Procurement

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Furthermore, one type of corruption that often occurs is corruption of conflict of interest in procurement. Procurement itself is an activity aimed at providing goods or services needed by an institution or company. The person or entity appointed for the procurement of goods or services is selected after going through a selection process called a tender.

Basically, the tender process must be conducted in a clean and honest manner. The institution or contractor with the best track record and the most competitive cost proposal will be appointed and maintained, while the selecting party should not participate as a participant. If there is an institution that acts as both the selector and the tender participant, it can be categorized as corruption. This has been regulated in Article 12 letter i of the PTPK Law.

6. Corruption of Cheating

Corruption of cheating is often done by the TNI/Police, contractors, or project supervisors. As a result of their actions, it causes harm to others or to the state's finances or endangers national security during times of war. In addition, civil servants who encroach on state land and cause harm to others are also included in this type of corruption.

7. State Financial Corruption

You must have often heard of state financial corruption. Corruption that seeks personal gain and acts against the law is usually carried out by those who frequently abuse their positions. An example of this corruption of state funds is taking advantage of tax payments, for example, paying a certain amount but reporting a different amount. This dishonest act must be immediately addressed.

Those are a series of types of corruption that are often committed. With the explanations above, hopefully it will increase our knowledge to not engage in or attempt corruption. Hopefully, it is beneficial.

(kpl/dtm)