Symptoms of Diabetes in Children, Early Detection Methods Parents Need to Know

Kapanlagi.com - Diabetes Mellitus is one of the diseases often referred to as a “silent killer” due to its frequently unnoticed symptoms. This disease does not only affect adults but also children. The body's inability to control blood sugar levels due to diabetes can have serious consequences if not addressed promptly. Therefore, it is important for parents to understand the signs of diabetes in children for early detection and appropriate management.

Diabetes in children is divided into two main types: type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes occurs when the immune system attacks the pancreatic cells that produce insulin, making the body unable to produce insulin. As a result, blood sugar levels become uncontrolled. Meanwhile, type 2 diabetes occurs when the child's body no longer responds well to insulin, making it difficult to manage blood sugar levels.

Although the exact cause of type 1 diabetes is unknown, risk factors such as genetics, a history of viral infections, and unhealthy eating patterns can increase the likelihood of developing this disease. Type 2 diabetes in children is more often triggered by unhealthy lifestyles, such as obesity, lack of physical activity, and consumption of high-sugar and high-fat foods.

1. Symptoms of Diabetes in Children to Watch Out For

• Frequent Urination and Excessive Thirst
  Children who frequently urinate, especially at night to the point of bedwetting, should be suspected of having diabetes. The body tries to expel excess blood sugar through urine, causing the child to feel thirsty and often request drinks.

• Increased Appetite but Weight Loss
  Even though the child's appetite increases, their weight tends to decrease drastically. This occurs because the body breaks down fat and muscle for energy due to a lack of insulin.

• Easily Tired and Lethargic
  A child who is usually active may suddenly appear weak and easily fatigued. The lack of energy due to impaired blood sugar processing is the main cause of this condition.

• Behavioral Changes
  Fluctuations in blood sugar levels can affect the child's mood. They may become more irritable, fussy, or have difficulty concentrating.

• Additional Symptoms
  In addition to the main symptoms, children with diabetes may also experience:

  • Blurred vision
  • Frequent skin infections
  • Itching in the genital area
  • Wounds that are slow to heal
  • Darkening of the skin, especially in the neck or armpits

2. Managing Diabetes in Children

Managing diabetes depends on the type experienced:

• Type 1 Diabetes: Insulin therapy is the main step, administered through injections or an insulin pump.
• Type 2 Diabetes: Lifestyle changes such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and medication if necessary can help manage this condition.

Parents need to work with doctors to understand how to monitor their child's blood sugar levels, administer insulin (if needed), and support a healthy lifestyle.

3. Preventing Diabetes in Children

Although type 1 diabetes is difficult to prevent, the risk of type 2 diabetes can be minimized by adopting a healthy lifestyle from an early age:

1. Healthy Eating
   Ensure that children consume a balanced nutritious diet while limiting sugar and fat intake.

2. Physical Activity
   Encourage children to be active for at least 60 minutes every day.

3. Maintaining Ideal Weight
   Childhood obesity can be prevented by managing diet and physical activity.

4. Regular Health Check-ups
   Early detection through health check-ups can prevent serious complications.

4. What are the early signs of diabetes in children?

Early symptoms include frequent urination, excessive thirst, increased appetite but weight loss, easy fatigue, and changes in behavior.

5. How can diabetes be prevented in children?

Implementing a healthy diet, regular exercise, maintaining an ideal weight, and monitoring health regularly can help prevent type 2 diabetes.

6. Can diabetes in children be cured?

Type 1 diabetes cannot be cured, but it can be managed with insulin therapy and a healthy lifestyle. Meanwhile, type 2 diabetes can be managed and even return to normal through lifestyle changes and medication.

(kpl/srr)