Kapanlagi.com - Forming sentences is one of the fundamental skills for effective communication. In order for a sentence to be understood, it cannot be formed haphazardly. On the contrary, a sentence must be constructed with proper and correct structure to convey its meaning. Unfortunately, many people still struggle with constructing words into sentences.
One's ability to form sentences may vary. This is influenced by one's mastery of vocabulary or word bank. But if you feel weak in forming sentences, there's no need to worry. The ability to form sentences is something that can be learned and practiced.
Now, to learn and practice the ability to form sentences, you can read the following review that has been summarized by kapanlagi.com from various sources.
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To master the ability to construct sentences, we first need to understand what a sentence is and its concept. Generally, a sentence is a unit of language above words, phrases, and clauses. Therefore, a sentence can consist of a arrangement of several words, phrases, or clauses.
However, a sentence is not only seen from the structure that composes it. A sentence is also seen from the unit of meaning or intention contained within it. This is in accordance with the definition of a sentence found in the Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI), where a sentence is defined as a unit of speech that expresses a concept of thought and feeling.
Indonesian linguistics figure, Harimurti Kridalaksana, argues that a sentence is a relatively independent unit of language, has a final intonation pattern, and actually or potentially consists of clauses. A sentence can contain independent clauses that are part of cognitive conversation; propositional units or combinations of clauses or one clause, which form independent units; minimal responses, greetings, greetings, and so on.
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As mentioned earlier, sentences are formed or composed of several words, phrases, or clauses. In more detail, the words, phrases, or clauses in this sentence have their respective positions. These positions are then understood as sentence elements. Here are some elements in a sentence.
1. Subject (S)
In a sentence, the subject is a word that indicates the actor or figure described in the sentence. Therefore, the subject element in a sentence is usually filled with a noun, a person's name, an animal's name, and so on.
Example:
- Budi writes a letter. (The subject of the sentence is Budi)
2. Predicate (P)
Meanwhile, the predicate is an element in a sentence that describes an activity or action carried out by the subject or actor.
Example:
- Budi writes a letter. (The predicate of the sentence is writes)
3. Object (O)
An object is the topic of conversation. In addition, an object is often interpreted as a party that experiences or receives the impact of actions or activities carried out by the subject.
Example:
- Budi writes a letter. (The object of the sentence is the letter)
4.Complement (Pel)
In addition to the subject, predicate, and object, there is also a sentence element called a complement. As the name suggests, this element is useful for completing a sentence structure, especially the predicate. That means its existence is not absolute in a sentence.
Example:
- Budi writes a letter with a pen. (The complement of the sentence is with a pen)
5.Adverbial (K)
In addition to the complement, there is also an adverbial whose existence is not absolute in a sentence. The existence of adverbial aims to provide additional information in a sentence. This information can be related to place, time, cause, effect, and so on.
Example:
- Budi writes a letter yesterday afternoon. (The adverbial of the sentence is yesterday afternoon)
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Broadly speaking, based on their pattern or structure, sentences can be divided into two types: active and passive sentences. To improve our ability and proficiency in constructing sentences, it is important to know the difference between the two.
The definition of an active sentence is a type of sentence that is characterized by the subject performing an activity or action in the form of a specific verb. Active sentences function to provide explanations about the activities or actions performed by the subject. Therefore, active sentences tend to be easier to understand because of their sequential structure between subject, predicate, and object.
The characteristics of active sentences include:
- The predicate usually uses the prefixes 'me-' or 'ber-'.
- Clearly, the subject performs the action directly.
- It has a subject-predicate pattern. Thus, the sentence pattern can be in the form of S-P-O, S-P-O-K, or S-P-K.
Examples of active sentences:
- Andri is reading a folklore book.
- Andi's father is selling Andi's bicycle.
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Meanwhile, a passive sentence is a type of sentence where the subject is the recipient of the action, activity, or treatment. In other words, in the structure of a passive sentence, the subject is no longer the doer of an activity or action.
The characteristics of a passive sentence include:
- The predicate usually uses prefixes di-, ter-, or bisa juga ter-...-an.
- In a passive sentence, the subject does not directly perform the action.
- Usually uses possessive pronouns that indicate ownership, whether it is in the first, second, or third person.
Examples of passive sentences:
- Andri read that storybook.
- Andi's bike was sold by his father.
Those are some explanations about sentences with their elements and explanations in both active and passive forms. Hopefully, it is beneficial and can broaden your knowledge!
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