Kapanlagi.com - Gurindam is one type of ancient literary work. Just like pantun, gurindam also has its own distinctive characteristics, making it very interesting to study. To study it, we need to understand the characteristics of gurindam. Because of that, gurindam is very different from pantun and poetry. However, gurindam can also entertain and provide life lessons.
Currently, gurindam may not be as popular as pantun or poetry. However, studying gurindam is still necessary because, in any case, as an ancient work, gurindam is also part of culture. Therefore, it is important to know the characteristics of gurindam and other related things.
Summarized from various sources, here is a review of the characteristics of gurindam.
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(credit: freepik)
Gurindam is actually an ancient literary work influenced by Hindu literature. In the Tamil language (India), gurindam comes from the word 'kirindam', which means origin or analogy. In the Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language (KBBI), gurindam is defined as a form of literary work in the form of a poem, with two lines per stanza. Meanwhile, its content is in the form of advice or moral teachings.
However, when seen from its form, gurindam is a form of ancient poetry consisting of two stanzas. Each stanza consists of two lines of sentences that have the same rhyme and form a complete unity.
The first line of the gurindam contains a problem or issue. Meanwhile, the second line is the answer to the problem or issue in the first line. The relationship between the first and second lines usually shows a cause and effect relationship.
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As mentioned earlier, gurindam is an old literary work that is different from pantun. Gurindam has its own characteristics. The characteristics of gurindam are as follows.
1. Each gurindam stanza consists of two lines.
2. Each line contains 10-14 words.
3. Each line within a gurindam stanza shows a cause-and-effect relationship.
4. Each line of gurindam has a rhyme pattern of A-A, B-B, C-C, D-D, and so on.
5. The content or meaning of gurindam is found in the second line.
6. The content or meaning of gurindam can take the form of advice, philosophy, or the like.
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(credit: freepik)
Although both are old poems, gurindam and pantun have some differences. These differences can be seen in the characteristics of gurindam and pantun, especially in the stanza part.
In one pantun stanza, there are four lines. Meanwhile, gurindam consists of only two lines in each stanza. In addition, pantun uses a cross rhyme or A-B-A-B pattern, while gurindam does not necessarily have the same rhyme pattern A-A.
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Like other literary works, gurindam is not only entertaining. Gurindam also contains deep meanings or messages that can be taken as life lessons. The values commonly found in gurindam are as follows.
1. Moral values of human life with oneself, including: wisdom, simplicity, honesty, courage to live, and vigilance in life.
2. Moral values of human life with others, including: loyalty to fellow humans, living in togetherness, and respect for others.
3. Moral values of human life with God, including: belief in God and istikamah.
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(credit: freepik)
Broadly speaking, Gurindam is divided into two types, namely gurindam berkait and gurindam berangkai. However, both types still have the same characteristics of Gurindam that have been mentioned earlier. So, what is the difference between gurindam berkait and berangkai?
1. Gurindam Berkait
Gurindam berkait is a type of Gurindam that is characterized by the connection between the first and subsequent stanzas. This type of Gurindam emphasizes the connection between stanzas, so that the message or meaning that wants to be conveyed can be more depicted.
Example of gurindam berkait:
Who doesn't want to go astray in this world and the hereafter
So repent quickly before it's too late
But whoever repents quickly before the end of time
Then they will obtain what is called salvation
2. Gurindam Berangkai
The type of gurindam berangkai is characterized by the similarity of words in the first line and each stanza. Therefore, this type of Gurindam feels more rhymed like poetry, but has a structure that is more similar to pantun.
Example of Gurindam Berangkai:
If work is not done with a pure heart
The mind will be eroded
If the mind is always eroded
The mind becomes confused and the body becomes thin
Those are some of the characteristics of Gurindam, along with their definitions and examples. Hopefully, they are useful and can increase knowledge.
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