Kapanlagi.com - The conjunction (konjungsi) is certainly not a foreign thing in the use of the Indonesian language, both spoken and written. As the name suggests, conjunctions function as connectors between words, clauses, and sentences. This word is used so that the composed sentence or paragraph has a clear connection.
The use of conjunctions can be placed at the beginning or middle of a sentence, depending on the desired function. Therefore, it is important for you to know the function of each type of conjunction so that the sentence or discourse you compose can be more cohesive and easily understood.
Based on information from the book "EYD dan Seputar Kebahasa-Indonesiaan" (EYD and Indonesian Language) in 2008, types of conjunctions are divided into five groups based on their functions, namely coordinating conjunctions, correlative conjunctions, subordinating conjunctions, inter-sentence conjunctions, and inter-paragraph conjunctions. To find out more details about the types of conjunctions, please read the following explanation.
Illustration (Credit: Pixabay)
Coordinating conjunctions are conjunctions or connectors used to combine two clauses that have equal status. These words will result in compound sentences. Some conjunctions that belong to this group are:
- Dan (And)
- Dari (From)
- Serta (And)
- Melainkan (But)
- Padahal (While)
- Sedangkan (While)
- Atau (Or)
- Tetapi (But)
Example sentence: Ali still has food stock until tomorrow, while Doni has finished it since yesterday.
Illustration (Credit: Pixabay)
Correlative conjunctions are conjunctions that connect two words, phrases, or clauses when both elements have the same syntactic function (e.g., both are subjects). Some conjunctions that belong to this group are:
- Tidak hanya... tetapi juga... (Not only... but also...)
- Tidak hanya... bahkan... (Not only... but also...)
- Bukannya... melainkan... (Instead of... but...)
- Makin... makin... (The more... the more...)
- Jangankan... pun... (Let alone... even...)
Example sentence: Jimin is not only good at singing and dancing, but also has a charm that always captivates fans.
Illustration (Credit: Pixabay)
Subordinating conjunctions are connecting words used to combine two or more clauses that have a hierarchical relationship. Subordinating conjunctions create complex sentences. Some of the conjunctions in this group include:
- Time relationship: after, since, when, while, as, and while.
- Conditional relationship: if, provided that, as long as, whenever.
- Hypothetical relationship: if, suppose, as if.
- Purpose relationship: so that, in order to.
- Concessive relationship: although, even though, despite.
- Comparison relationship: as if, as though, like.
- Causal relationship: so that, until, hence.
- Explanatory relationship: that.
- Manner relationship: with.
Example sentences:
- The party will start after all the main guests arrive.
- I want to marry you, as long as you promise not to repeat this mistake again.
Illustration (Credit: Pixabay)
Conjunctions are divided into groups based on the language unit where the conjunction is used. Like this conjunction, it can be used as a conjunction between sentences, but not for inter-paragraph conjunctions. Some conjunctions that belong to the group of conjunctions between sentences include:
- even so,
- nevertheless,
- moreover,
- however,
- but,
- except for that,
- therefore,
- because of that,
- before that.
Example sentences:
- Last night it rained heavily all of a sudden. Therefore, I canceled my appointment with you.
- Agus is indeed big-bodied and has many achievements in the field of sports. However, that advantage cannot be a reason for him to oppress his friend.
Illustration (Credit: Pixabay)
- Connective words between paragraphs are distinguished based on their functions. Connective words that belong to this group include:
- Connective words that indicate addition to something that has been mentioned before (besides that, likewise, additionally).
- Connective words that indicate contradiction to something that has been mentioned before (however, on the contrary, nevertheless).
- Connective words that indicate comparison (as, just like).
- Connective words that indicate consequence or result (therefore, as a result).
- Connective words that indicate purpose (for that reason, for that purpose).
- Connective words that indicate intensification (in short, in essence).
- Connective words that indicate time (then, meanwhile).
- Connective words that indicate place (here, alongside).
Example sentences:
- Vaccination queues in urban areas are crowded because people want to quickly enter the mall for shopping. On the contrary, queues in rural areas tend to be quieter.
- Falling in love can be experienced by anyone, in any condition, and can be with or without reason. In short, you have the right to fall in love and try to pursue it.
Well, KLovers, that is an explanation about the types of connective words based on their function and also examples of their use. By paying attention to the explanation above, hopefully, you can understand better about how to compose sentences to make them more coherent and easily understood.
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