9 Types of Child Immunizations According to Age that Must Be Given

Kapanlagi.com - Immunization is one of the activities to help reduce the risk of a disease attack, which is important to do. This vaccination activity is carried out as early as possible, including since the child is born. As parents, of course, their role is needed to understand the importance of immunization for their beloved child. Especially for those of you who have just had your first child, you are certainly still confused about what immunizations should be given to your child.

Immunization basically involves injecting weakened viruses into the body to stimulate the production of antibodies, so that the body knows how to fight when there is a similar virus attacking. If immunization is not done, it will have a negative impact on the child as they have a high risk of contracting dangerous diseases. That's why immunization is very important to do.

To get immunized, you can go to a posyandu (integrated health service post), health center, hospital, or pediatrician. Now, here are a series of immunizations that must be done to avoid potential life-threatening diseases. Check out the following reviews.

1. Hepatitis B Immunization Types

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The first mandatory immunization to be done is Hepatitis B. Especially for mothers who have hepatitis B, the baby must also be given the hepatitis B vaccine, at least within 12 hours after birth. The purpose of Hepatitis B immunization is to prevent the baby from being susceptible to Hepatitis B, which is known to attack the liver and can cause complications such as liver cancer. This immunization is not only given right after the baby is born, but also needs to be given again when the baby is 2, 6, and 12 months old.

2. Polio Immunization Types

Furthermore, polio immunization is also very important to avoid getting a disease that causes paralysis. Polio itself is a type of contagious disease caused by a virus in the digestive tract, throat, and can cause paralysis of the legs, hands, or respiratory muscles resulting in death.

Therefore, polio immunization is mandatory to prevent the little one from getting this disease. The baby needs to receive the polio vaccine 4 times. First when the baby is born, then continued at the age of 2, 4, and 6 months. This immunization also needs to be repeated at the age of 18 months and at 4, 6 years old.

3. Measles Immunization Types

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Measles is one of the serious diseases for young children. However, this can be prevented by administering the vaccine during immunization. Measles vaccine is given twice, at the age of 9 months and 24 months. However, if the child has already received MMR vaccine at the age of 15 months, the second measles vaccine does not need to be given again. This prevents the child from getting pneumonia, diarrhea, and avoids attacking the brain.

4. Pentavalent Immunization Types (DPT, HB, HiB)

The vaccine, which is a combination of DPT vaccine (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus), HB vaccine (hepatitis B), and HiB vaccine (haemophilus influenza type B), can prevent 6 diseases at once, namely diphtheria (infection of the nasal and throat mucosa), pertussis (whooping cough), tetanus, hepatitis B, pneumonia, and meningitis (inflammation of the brain). The pentavalent vaccine is given 4 times, at the age of 2, 3, 4, and 18 months.

5. BCG Immunization Type

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This immunization type aims to prevent infants from contracting tuberculosis, a disease that affects the lungs. Therefore, you need to provide them with the BCG vaccine. Considering the increasing number of tuberculosis cases, this immunization type is now included in the mandatory immunization list. This immunization only needs to be done once between the ages of 1 to 3 months by injecting the vaccine into the baby's skin.

6. Pneumococcal Immunization Type (PCV)

Next, the pneumococcal (PCV) immunization type is aimed at preventing infection from bacteria that cause meningitis, ear infections, and pneumonia. PCV immunization is usually done twice when the baby is between 7 to 12 months old, with a 2-month interval between administrations.

7. Rotavirus Immunization Type

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Administering the rotavirus vaccine can prevent babies from being affected by diseases that attack the baby's digestive tract, resulting in continuous diarrhea. This type of immunization is highly recommended for babies aged 0-12 months, especially for babies under 6 months old. The administration is not through injections, but through oral drops.

8. Chickenpox Immunization

Next, the type of immunization that needs to be done is chickenpox immunization. This can provide varicella vaccine to prevent chickenpox, which can damage the skin and cause pneumonia. The administration of this vaccine is done when the baby is 12-15 months old.

9. Influenza Immunization

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Influenza immunization is very important for babies. By administering the influenza vaccine, babies can also be protected from severe flu. This is because babies are still very vulnerable, and if they get the flu, it can cause fever, difficulty breathing, or even death. This type of immunization is an additional immunization that can be done at the age of 6 months and can be repeated every year until the age of 8.

Those are a series of important immunizations that you need to understand. So, always pay attention to the vaccination schedule for your little one. Hopefully, it's useful.

(kpl/dtm)